From January through October 2025, our research team at Ceartas analyzed copyright infringement patterns across digital platforms, examining data from enforcement agencies and transparency reports. This report aggregates findings from multiple authoritative sources, including MUSO's global piracy tracking system, Google's Transparency Report, the U.S. Copyright Claims Board, and economic impact studies from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. The dataset encompasses infringement frequency across 216.3 billion documented piracy visits and enforcement actions spanning 15.2 billion takedown requests.
Global Copyright Infringement Frequency: 2025
The scale of copyright infringement remains staggering despite increased enforcement efforts. According to MUSO's 2024 annual report, which tracks piracy across more than 75 million websites, global piracy visits totaled 216.3 billion, representing a 5.72% decrease from the previous year. However, this modest decline masks significant variations across content categories and regions.
The Global Copyright Infringement Landscape: 2025
Content Category | Annual Piracy Visits (Billions) | Change from 2023 | Share of Total Infringement |
|---|---|---|---|
Television & Streaming Content | 96.8 | -6.8% | 44.6% |
Publishing (Books, Manga, eBooks) | 66.4 | +4.3% | 30.7% |
Film | 24.3 | -18.0% | 11.3% |
Software | 14.9 | -2.1% | 6.4% |
Music | 14.0 | -18.6% | 6.4% |
Key Research Findings:
Publishing piracy is accelerating: While most content categories showed declines, publishing infringement increased 4.3% year-over-year, driven primarily by unauthorized manga distribution (70% of all publishing piracy) and the rise of fan-translated content arriving faster than official releases.
Streaming remains the dominant target: Television and streaming content account for nearly half of all copyright infringement globally, with the fragmentation of streaming services across multiple platforms creating accessibility gaps that drive users toward unauthorized sources.
One-third of Americans admit to recent piracy: According to CordCutting.com's March 2024 survey of 988 American adults, 33% admitted to illegally accessing TV shows or movies in the past 12 months, while nearly half (50%) acknowledged pirating content at some point in their lives.
Economic Losses from Copyright Infringement: 2025
The financial impact of copyright infringement extends far beyond lost revenue for content creators. Economic analyses reveal cascading effects across entire industries, labor markets, and tax revenues.
The Annual Economic Impact of Copyright Infringement: 2025
Industry Sector | Annual Revenue Loss (USD) | Jobs Lost | Additional Economic Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
Video (Film & TV) | $29B - $71B | 230,000 - 560,000 | U.S. market only |
Music Industry | $12.5B | 71,060 | Includes $2.7B in lost earnings |
Publishing | $300M+ | Not quantified | Publisher revenue loss only |
Software | Not quantified | Significant | 37% of global software is unlicensed |
Overall Economic Output | $100B+ | 500,000+ | Conservative estimate across sectors |
Key Research Findings:
Video piracy causes the greatest economic damage: The U.S. Chamber of Commerce's 2023 report identifies digital video piracy as responsible for between $29 billion and $71 billion in annual economic losses, with the wide range reflecting different calculation methodologies and the difficulty of quantifying indirect impacts.
Music piracy creates a $12.5 billion hole in the economy: According to the Institute for Policy Innovation (IPI) study commissioned by the RIAA, sound recording piracy costs the U.S. economy $12.5 billion in total output annually, along with 71,060 jobs and $2.7 billion in worker earnings.
The cost of subscriptions drives infringement: In the CordCutting.com study, 36% of content pirates cited interest in a specific show without wanting to pay for a full subscription, while 35% said subscription services are simply too expensive.
Geographic Distribution of Copyright Violations: 2025
Copyright infringement is a global phenomenon, but certain regions contribute disproportionately to unauthorized content access. Understanding geographic patterns helps rights holders prioritize enforcement efforts and reveals how economic factors and content availability influence piracy rates.
The Top Countries for Copyright Infringement: 2025
Rank | Country | Piracy Visits (Billions) | Share of Global Total | Primary Content Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | United States | 26.7 | 12.33% | TV, Publishing, Film |
2 | India | 17.6 | 8.12% | TV, Film, Software |
3 | Russia | 15.4 | 7.12% | Publishing, TV, Software |
4 | Indonesia | 12.1 | 5.60% | Publishing (Manga), TV |
5 | Vietnam | 7.4 | 3.44% | Publishing, TV |
6 | Turkey | 5.9 | 2.74% | TV, Film |
7 | Canada | 5.8 | 2.69% | TV, Film |
8 | United Kingdom | 5.8 | 2.69% | TV, Sports Content |
Key Research Findings:
The U.S. leads global infringement despite robust legal options: Despite having more legal streaming options than any other country, the United States accounts for 12.33% of all global piracy visits, 26.7 billion annually.
Emerging markets show high piracy rates: Countries like Indonesia (5.60%), Vietnam (3.44%), and India (8.12%) demonstrate elevated piracy rates, often correlated with lower per-capita income.
Publishing piracy concentrates in Asia-Pacific: For manga and digital publishing specifically, the geographic distribution shifts dramatically, with Indonesia (10.37%), Russia (7.34%), and Vietnam (6.20%) ranking as the top three countries.
Copyright Enforcement & Takedown Activity: 2025
As infringement scales up, so do enforcement efforts. Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) takedown requests, platform removals, and formal litigation all paint a picture of an enforcement ecosystem struggling to keep pace with the volume of violations.
The Copyright Enforcement Landscape: 2025
Enforcement Metric | Volume | Trend | Key Details |
|---|---|---|---|
Google DMCA Requests (Total) | 15.2B+ URLs | Stable | Since 2011, 3.5B in 2024 alone |
Copyright Claims Board Cases | 729 cases | Growing | Filed through January 2024 |
YouTube Content ID Claims | 826M claims | Record high | First half of 2023 only |
Average Takedown Timeframe | 10 business days | Consistent | Varies widely by platform |
OnlyFans Creator Requests | 2.1M URLs | Increasing | 2,204 requests, 2,994 from creators |
Key Research Findings:
Google processes 14,000 times more copyright requests than 15 years ago: The volume of DMCA takedown requests submitted to Google has exploded from approximately 250,000 URLs in 2009 to 3.5 billion pages processed in 2024.
Enforcement success varies dramatically by platform: While services claim to remove content within 24-48 hours, the average takedown timeframe remains around 10 business days. Some platforms respond within hours (Google for search results), while others take up to 30 days (TikTok).
Content creators increasingly take enforcement into their own hands: The rise of individual creators submitting takedown notices, exemplified by 2,994 individual OnlyFans creators submitting requests totaling 2.1 million URLs, demonstrates that traditional enforcement mechanisms through publishers and labels no longer capture the full scope of copyright protection needs in the creator economy.
Industry-Specific Violation Trends: 2025
Different content sectors experience copyright infringement in distinct ways, shaped by distribution models, technological protections, and enforcement capabilities.
Sector-Specific Infringement Patterns: 2025
Insight Area | Finding | Impact |
|---|---|---|
Streaming Fragmentation Effect | TV piracy increases when content spreads across 4+ paid platforms | Consumers cite "subscription fatigue" as justification |
Publishing's Unique Challenge | Manga piracy up 4.3% while other sectors decline | Fan translations often precede official releases by weeks |
Music Industry Evolution | Music piracy down 18.6% due to affordable streaming | Spotify/Apple Music model effectively reduced motivation to pirate |
Software Licensing Shift | 37% of global software remains unlicensed | Cloud-based subscription models are slowly reducing piracy |
Adult Content Creator Impact | Individual creators are most vulnerable to revenue loss | An estimated 40-60% revenue increase when using protection services |
Key Research Findings:
The music industry solved piracy through accessibility: Music piracy's 18.6% decline year-over-year demonstrates what happens when legal alternatives are affordable, convenient, and comprehensive. Spotify, Apple Music, and similar services have successfully converted pirates into subscribers by offering reasonable pricing and near-universal catalog access.
Publishing faces an unsolved piracy crisis: Unlike music and video, publishing piracy is accelerating, with visits rising to 66.4 billion annually. The dominance of manga (70% of publishing piracy) reveals a systematic problem: fan communities translate and distribute content faster than official publishers can localize titles for international markets.
Individual creators bear the heaviest burden: While major studios and labels have legal departments and automated enforcement systems, independent creators, particularly on platforms like OnlyFans, Patreon, and YouTube, often lack resources to combat infringement effectively. Studies show these creators can increase revenue by 40-60% when using professional content protection services.
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Sources
Ceartas Digital Copyright Protection Study: Author: Ceartas Research Team
MUSO 2024 Piracy Trends and Insights Report: Author: MUSO
U.S. Chamber of Commerce Global Innovation Policy Center: Copyright Economic Impact Report: Author: U.S. Chamber of Commerce GIPC
Google Transparency Report: Copyright Removals: Author: Google Inc.
The State of Digital Content Piracy in 2024: Author: CordCutting.com Research Team
The True Cost of Sound Recording Piracy to the U.S. Economy: Author: Institute for Policy Innovation (commissioned by RIAA)
31 DMCA Statistics, Trends, and Insights for 2025: Author: DMCA Authority

